慢性病与矿物骨疾病和血管化:一个概述
Carmine Izzo1,2, Carmine Secondulfo1, Giancarlo Bilancio1
1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2024
概括
慢性病 (CKD) 对全球健康造成重大负担,导致诸如CKD-矿物和骨疾病 (MBD) 和血管化 (VC) 等并发症. 了解这些相互关联的问题对于患者的治疗结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 脏病学和内分泌学
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 骨的新陈代谢 骨的新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 影响全球近7亿人,导致大量死亡和残疾.
- 慢性瘤与许多并发症有关,包括慢性瘤 - 矿物和骨疾病 (MBD) 和血管化 (VC).
- CKD-MBD涉及失调的骨周转和矿化,以及软组织和血管化,由改变的矿物代谢驱动.
研究的目的:
- 阐明CKD-MBD和血管化的复杂病理生理学.
- 突出关键矿物代谢因子 (,,PTH,维生素D,FGF-23,Klotho) 在CKD进展中的作用.
- 为了强调血管化在CKD患者的预后意义.
主要方法:
- 对CKD,CKD-MBD和血管化的现有文献的综述.
- 分析矿物代谢标志物在疾病进展中的作用.
- 对血管化的诊断工具的评估,包括成像技术和评分系统.
主要成果:
- CKD-MBD的特点是骨代谢发生变化和血管化加速.
- ,酸盐,PTH,维生素D,FGF-23和Klotho的乱是CKD-MBD的早期指标和驱动因素.
- 血管化是CKD-MBD的一个关键特征,与心血管事件和死亡率密切相关.
结论:
- 慢性瘤是一个重大的全球健康挑战,具有严重的并发症,如CKD-MBD和VC.
- 了解矿物代谢,骨健康和血管化之间的相互作用至关重要.
- 针对这些并发症的有效诊断和治疗策略对于改善CKD患者的治疗结果至关重要.
相关概念视频
Bone Disorders
3.5K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
3.5K
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health
3.3K
The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
3.3K
Bone Remodeling
38.3K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
38.3K
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis
4.5K
Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
4.5K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling
2.9K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
2.9K
Nephrons
2.4K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
2.4K


