导航从鼻子到大脑的路线:针对中枢神经系统疾病的基于脂质的纳米载体的系统审查
Edoardo Agosti1, Marco Zeppieri2, Sara Antonietti1
1Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazza Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Pharmaceutics
|March 28, 2024
概括
鼻内脂质纳米颗粒通过绕过血脑屏障,为治疗大脑疾病提供了一种有前途的方法. 固体脂质纳米颗粒和纳米结构脂质载体对阿尔茨海默病和脑瘤等疾病显示出有效性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 纳米技术纳米技术
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 血脑屏障 (BBB) 限制药物进入大脑,使神经系统疾病的治疗复杂化.
- 鼻内药物输送提供了一种非侵入性途径,通过鼻至脑途径绕过BBB.
- 脂质纳米颗粒,包括固体脂质纳米颗粒 (SLN) 和纳米结构脂质载体 (NLC),增强药物稳定性,溶解性和受控释放,用于针对大脑的输送.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查用于治疗神经瘤和神经退行性疾病的鼻内脂质纳米颗粒的应用.
- 评估基于脂质的纳米载体在克服BBB治疗脑疾病的局限性的有效性和潜力.
- 为优化使用脂质纳米颗粒的鼻至脑药物输送策略提供见解.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Ovid MEDLINE和Scopus进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2024年1月6日.
- 关键词包括"脂质纳米颗粒"",鼻内注射"",神经瘤性疾病"和"神经退行性疾病".
- 包含的研究是体外,体内或体外,专注于脑部疾病的脂质纳米载体的鼻腔注射.
主要成果:
- 在891篇确定文章中,26篇符合系统审查的资格标准,包括60项研究.
- 研究兴趣在2018-2020年间达到顶峰,阿尔茨海默病 (26.7%) 和抗体药物 (25.0%) 是主要的类别.
- 固体脂质纳米颗粒 (SLN) 占主导地位 (65.0%),其次是纳米结构脂质载体 (NLCs) (28.3%),其中糖单酸是常见的脂质 (20.0%).
结论:
- 鼻内脂质纳米颗粒通过有效绕过BBB,显示出治疗大脑疾病的巨大潜力.
- SLNs和NLCs显示出作为阿尔茨海默氏症,中风和质瘤等疾病的新型治疗方法的前景.
- 需要进一步的研究来应对挑战,包括潜在的纳米粒子毒性,以充分实现临床应用.
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