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宿主类RNA元素调节病毒的翻译

Debjit Khan¹, Paul L Fox¹

¹Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

|March 28, 2024

概括

病毒劫持宿主翻译机器,使用独特的RNA元素,如蛋白质合成的内部核糖体进入点 (IRES). 针对这些病毒元素提供了一种抑制病毒复制和致病性的策略.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
分子生物学分子生物学
生物化学生化学

背景情况:

病毒是有义务的细胞内寄生虫,它们依赖宿主细胞机械进行复制.
病毒RNA翻译是调控机制的关键目标,通常涉及RNA终端 (5'和3'UTR).
细胞翻译通常使用5'帽子依赖扫描,而许多病毒使用内部核糖体进入点 (IRES).

研究的目的:

探索病毒策略来劫持主机翻译控制机制.
研究特定RNA元素在病毒传播和调节中的作用.
在病毒翻译控制元素中识别潜在的治疗点.

主要方法:

分析病毒RNA结构及其与宿主转化因子的相互作用.
研究内部核糖体进入点 (IRES) 和上游开放阅读框架 (uORF) 的功能.
研究SARS-CoV-2对宿主翻译控制的利用,包括模仿人类GAIT元素和宿主因素的选择.

主要成果:

病毒利用各种策略,包括IRES和外框架重叠的uORF (oORF),来控制翻译.
SARS-CoV-2模仿宿主调节元素,并利用宿主氨基酸tRNA合成酶进行增强的翻译.
病毒RNA元素可以形成转录后的调节子,使多个病毒RNA的协调控制成为可能.

结论:

了解病毒转化控制元素及其与宿主因子的相互作用对于开发抗病毒疗法至关重要.
针对病毒RNA元素,如SARS-CoV-2中的元素,可以抑制基因组和亚基因组RNAs的表达.
阐明这些机制为减少病毒复制和病原性提供了新的治疗途径.

关键词:

这是一个RNA元素RNA元素.这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.内部核糖体的入口部位.翻译控制翻译控制没有翻译过的地区.上游开放的阅读框架.病毒病毒病毒病毒病毒与宿主相互作用

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