从流行病的角度来看,基于废水的病毒监测流行病学:证据和挑战
Marco Verani1, Alessandra Pagani1, Ileana Federigi1
1Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Virology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 35/39, 56123 Pisa, Italy.
Viruses
|March 28, 2024
概括
基于废水的流行病学有效监测病毒,如SARS-CoV-2,人类腺病毒,诺病毒和肠病毒. 这项在托斯卡纳的研究表明,SARS-CoV-2正在转变为特有模式,突出了WBE.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断学
背景情况:
- 基于废水的流行病学 (WBE) 对于监测病毒传播至关重要,特别是在大流行期间和特有病毒.
- 目前的WBE方法需要大量的投资和标准化以提高效率.
- 本研究探讨了在病毒监测中对结构化监测策略的需求.
研究的目的:
- 在托斯卡纳西北部实施和评估每周对多种病毒的废水监测.
- 评估SARS-CoV-2,人类腺病毒 (HAdV),诺罗病毒基因组II (NoVggII) 和肠病毒 (EV) 的流行病学模式.
- 分析SARS-CoV-2患病率从流行病到流行病模式的转变.
主要方法:
- 在污水处理厂的入口处每周取废水样本.
- 使用PEG/NaCl沉的病毒颗粒的度.
- 病毒核酸的提取和检测通过实时逆转录 qPCR.
主要成果:
- 诺罗病毒基因组II是最频繁检测到的病毒 (84.4%).
- 人类腺病毒和肠道病毒在春季和夏季出现季节性高峰.
- 在研究区域,SARS-CoV-2 呈现出从流行病向流行病模式的转变.
结论:
- 标准化的WBE方法为各种场景中的病毒监测提供了宝贵的见解.
- 有效的监测策略可以识别时间局部病毒分布.
- 通过及时的流行病学数据,WBE支持知情的公共卫生决策.
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