职业过敏性肺炎的流行:一个系统的审查和元分析
Xinliang Zhang1, Bukhtiyarov Igor1,2, Dudnik Elena1
1Department of Normal Physiology, I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
International journal of environmental health research
|March 28, 2024
概括
职业过敏性肺炎 (OHP) 影响全球4.2%,在打印机和烟草工人中患病率最高. 地理位置和吸烟也会影响OHP的发病率.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 职业过敏性肺炎 (OHP) 是一种严重的呼吸系统疾病.
- 了解不同职业和地区的OHP患病率对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行全球元分析,评估OHP的流行率.
- 确定具有较高OHP率的特定职业和地理位置.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Scopus,Web of Science,Cochrane CENTRAL) 进行系统的文献搜索,截至2023年9月.
- 包括46项观察性研究,涉及2,826,420名参与者.
- 进行元分析以计算整体和分层的OHP流行率.
主要成果:
- 整体OHP患病率为4.2%,根据职业和地区存在显著差异.
- 印刷工人 (57.14%),烟草工人 (26.32%) 和与水有关的工人 (24.10%) 的患病率最高.
- 南美洲 (16.71%) 报告了最高的区域患病率,其次是亚洲 (15.19%) 和北美 (8.52%).
- 年龄和吸烟状况被确定为导致流行率变化的因素.
结论:
- 在全球范围内,OHP的患病率有很大差异,特定职业和地区的风险更高.
- 需要针对高风险职业群体和地理区域制定有针对性的预防策略.
- 对年龄和吸烟等危险因素进行进一步的研究是有必要的.
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