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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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用于固态电池的超离子导电纳米纤维增强高性能聚合物电解质

Jiaying Peng1,2, Dawei Lu1,2, Shiqi Wu1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.

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研究人员开发了一种具有超长纳米纤维的新超离子导体 (Li-HA-F),显著增强了金属电池的复合固态电解质. 这种材料具有较高的离子导电性,机械强度和热稳定性,用于更安全的高能电池.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学
  • 电化学
  • 固态化学

背景情况:

  • 复合固态电解质 (CSEs) 对高能金属电池至关重要,但面临着低离子导电性和不良机械性能等挑战.
  • 现有的CSE在离子导电性,机械强度,热稳定性和电压窗口方面存在局限性,阻碍了实际应用.
  • 开发先进的固体电解质对于克服这些局限性并实现下一代能源储存至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 合成和描述具有超长纳米纤维结构的新超离子导体 (Li-HA-F).
  • 通过结合Li-HA-F纳米纤维来提高复合固态电解质的性能.
  • 研究由此产生的CSE的离子导电性,机械性质,热稳定性和电化学性能.

主要方法:

  • 合成具有超长纳米纤维结构的Li-HA-F.
  • 通过将Li-HA-F与基于聚乙烯氧化物的固体电解质合来制造CSE.
  • 离子导电性,Li+转移数和电压窗口的表征.
  • 机械测试破裂强度和弹性
  • /半电池和固态电池 (LiFePO4/CSE/Li和NMC/CSE/Li) 的电化学测试
  • 理论计算以了解传导机制.

主要成果:

  • 在室温下达到12.6mS cm-1的超高离子导电性.
  • 具有高离子导电性 (4.0 × 10-4 S cm-1 在 30 °C),较大的 Li+ 转移数 (0.66) 和宽电压窗口 (5.2 V) 的开发的 CSE.
  • 在纳米纤维增强的CSE中表现出良好的耐热/耐火性,灵活性和高破裂强度 (9.66 MPa).
  • /半电池在2000小时内显示稳定循环,临界电流密度为1.4mA cm-2.
  • 固态电池在广泛的温度范围内提供了高可逆容量和良好的循环性能.

结论:

  • -HA-F纳米纤维提供连续的双导通通道和稳定的富接口,显著提高了CSE性能.
  • 增强的CSE具有出色的离子导电性,机械完整性,热稳定性和电化学性能.
  • 这种新型纳米纤维增强的CSE是开发安全和高性能金属电池的有希望的候选者.