由JMJD1A-PGC-1轴介导的白色脂肪组织中的线粒体生物发生限制了与年龄相关的代谢性疾病
Ryo Ito1, Shiyu Xie1, Myagmar Tumenjargal1
1Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
iScience
|March 28, 2024
概括
基因组脱甲基酶JMJD1A针对皮下白色脂肪组织 (scWAT) 中的Pgc1a/b增强剂,促进线粒体生物发生和色脂肪细胞的形成. 这一过程对于能源消耗和代谢健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 代谢调节 代谢调节 代谢调节
- 脂肪组织生物学 脂肪组织生物学
- 线粒体功能的功能
背景情况:
- 线粒体是棕色和皮下白色脂肪组织 (BAT和scWAT) 不发的热生成的关键.
- 控制这些组织中线粒体功能的调节机制仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在scWAT中阐明调节线粒体生物发生的表观遗传机制.
- 调查JMJD1A在调解β-上腺体信号诱导热生成中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在长时间β-上腺体信号传递后,scWAT表观遗传修饰的分析.
- 研究JMJD1A在Pgc1a/b增强剂的基因组脱甲基化中的功能.
- 使用具有中断JMJD1A脱甲基酶活性的小鼠模型.
主要成果:
- 长时间的β-上腺体信号传递会诱导Pgc1a/b的scWAT增强剂的表观遗传变化.
- JMJD1A促进Pgc1a/b增强剂的H3K9脱甲基化,促进线粒体生物发生和色脂肪细胞的形成.
- 在小鼠中JMJD1A活性受损导致Pgc1a/b激活减少,scWAT受限,能量消耗降低,肥胖和胰岛素抵抗.
结论:
- 在scWAT中,JMJD1A是β-上腺素诱导的线粒体生物发生和化的关键调解者.
- JMJD1A在scWAT热生成中的作用与其在BAT中的作用不同,强调了scWAT在能量代谢中的重要性.
- 在scWAT中准JMJD1A可能为肥胖和代谢障碍提供治疗策略.
相关概念视频
Mitochondria
12.4K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
12.4K
Regulation of Metabolism
9.4K
Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
9.4K
Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins
2.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are partially unfolded or loosely folded polypeptide chains. Newly synthesized precursors are inhibited from spontaneously folding into their native conformation by the cytosolic chaperones, heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70), and mitochondrial import stimulation factors (MSFs). Precursors bound to MSFs are guided to the TOM70-TOM37 receptors, while precursors bound to Hsp70 chaperones are targetted to TOM20-TOM22 receptor complexes.
Most of the mitochondrial...
Most of the mitochondrial...
2.6K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
7.6K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
7.6K
Mitochondrial Membranes
10.2K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
10.2K
Fats as Energy Storage Molecules
25.1K
Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage molecules. They are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must first be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β-oxidation into acetyl-CoA, which is used by the Krebs cycle. The glycerol that is released from triglycerides after lipolysis...
25.1K


