在大规模灾害和其他暴力事件中识别尸体:人道主义方法的伦理挑战
Vina Vaswani1, Luciana Caenazzo2, Derek Congram3
1Department of Forensic Medicine and Centre for Ethics, Yenepoya (deemed to be University) University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India.
Forensic sciences research
|March 28, 2024
概括
识别身份不明的人类遗骸对于人权和道德法医实践至关重要. 建议制定新的法律规定和公众参与,以及人工智能的进步,以准确识别受害者.
科学领域:
- 法医人类学 法医人类学
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 从大规模灾难中未识别的人类遗骸的伦理管理是至关重要的.
- 印度目前的做法需要更新生物样品和数据管理的法律框架.
- 全球缺乏对处理人类遗骸的全面道德指导.
研究的目的:
- 建立在法医实践中,特别是在印度,管理未识别的人类遗骸的伦理基础.
- 探索生物样本和灾难受害者个人数据的伦理管理策略.
- 促进关于识别和照顾死者的最佳实践的共识.
主要方法:
- 全国研讨会关于对身份不明死者的道德管理.
- 讨论法医样本管理的法律规定.
- 在法医识别中探索人工智能 (AI) 应用.
主要成果:
- 识别失踪人员和死者对于人权和救援工作至关重要.
- 人工智能可以通过自动化数据分析来提高法医识别的准确性和效率.
- 印度需要更新法律规定,以便统一地管理法医样本.
结论:
- 人类遗骸的伦理鉴定是一个复杂的问题,具有政治,认识和哲学方面的维度.
- 制定国家/国际道德监督指南至关重要.
- 公共教育和政府参与是改善法医识别过程的关键.
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