来自德国和美国在线药店的含有维生素A的食补充剂:市场和风险评估
Anna-Miriam Rathmann1, Roland Seifert2
1Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625, Hannover, Germany.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
|March 28, 2024
概括
高剂量的维生素A补充剂由于监管和标签不足而带来风险. 许多产品超过了安全限值,特别是在德国,这表明需要对这些食品补充剂进行更严格的监督.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 维生素A补充剂越来越多地作为食品而不是药品,导致控制不那么严格.
- 关于安全摄入维生素A的现有建议来自BfR和FDA等机构是无约束力的,增加了过量服用的风险.
- 高剂量的维生素A与已知的风险,如肝毒性和致病性有关,但强效补充剂仍然广泛可获得.
研究的目的:
- 评估德国和美国可用的维生素A补充剂的风险潜力.
- 评估是否符合标签要求,并将剂量与专家建议进行比较.
- 调查对维生素A补充剂的加强监测和更严格的监管的需要.
主要方法:
- 对来自德国的75种维生素A补充剂和来自美国的26种维生素A补充剂进行了批判性审查.
- 分析参数包括制造商推的每日剂量,每日治疗费用,以及关于警告,怀孕使用和不良反应的信息.
- 产品剂量与既定专家建议和监管指南的比较.
主要成果:
- 在德国和美国的补充剂中发现了标签合规性的重大缺陷.
- 许多补充剂的剂量经常超过专家建议,造成潜在的健康风险.
- 美国的补充剂通常表现得比德国更好,这表明美国市场的监管更有效.
结论:
- 目前对维生素A补充剂的规定和标签不足,给消费者,特别是弱势群体带来风险.
- 没有确诊的缺乏症的维生素A补充剂的健康益处是可疑的.
- 可能需要更严格的监管监督和对维生素A补充剂的潜在重新分类.
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