对训练负载的分析,高度训练有素的女性足球运动员
Andreas K Winther1, Ivan Baptista2,3, Sigurd Pedersen1
1Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
PloS one
|March 28, 2024
概括
女足球运动员在较长的比赛周期中表现出类似金字塔的训练负载模式. 不开始的球员在恢复日,特别是比赛后,经历了更高的外部训练负载.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 足球表现分析 足球表现分析
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 了解外部训练负载对于优化表现和防止在精英女足中受伤至关重要.
- 之前的研究主要集中在男性运动员身上,因此对女性足球运动员的特定负荷模式的知识存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 分析和比较高训练的女性足球运动员的外部训练负载特征.
- 调查各个微周期长度和训练日相对于比赛日的训练负载在首发球员和非首发球员之间的差异.
主要方法:
- 在两个赛季内收集了100名女性足球运动员的外部训练负载数据 (总距离,高速跑步,冲刺,加速/减速) 使用STATSports APEX.
- 利用线性混合建模分析基于微周期长度 (2-7天) 和相对于比赛日 (MD-5到MD+2) 的训练日的训练负载差异.
主要成果:
- 在较长的周期 (5-7天) 中,外部训练负载的峰值发生在周中 (MD-4,MD-3),而在周期结束时 (MD+2,MD-1),负载最低.
- 与主相比,非主在MD+2上表现出明显更高的外部训练负载,特别是在比赛之间3-7天的周期中.
结论:
- 在更长的周期中,女性足球的训练负载模式类似于金字塔,中间负载较高,开始和结束时负载较低.
- 非开始者在某些恢复日经历了更大的训练负载需求,这表明对训练处方和球员管理的潜在影响.
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