青光眼视力结果和眼睛护理利用的种族差异:一个IRIS注册分析
Elizabeth C Ciociola1, Sayuri Sekimitsu2, Sophie Smith2
1From the Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins (E.C.C.), Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
American journal of ophthalmology
|March 28, 2024
概括
黑人,西班牙裔和美洲原住民绿眼病患者的视力结果更差,眼睛护理监测较少. 这表明少数群体的治疗不足,增加他们视力丧失的风险.
科学领域:
- 眼科和公共卫生.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 健康差距 研究 研究 研究 研究
背景情况:
- 种族和民族少数群体在美国面临着严重的健康差异.
- 玻璃眼,不可逆转的失明的主要原因,不成比例地影响某些少数群体.
- 了解不同种族和种族群体的视力结果和眼睛护理使用情况对于解决这些差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估青光眼患者视力结果的种族和民族差异.
- 评估眼睛护理使用和疾病监测在青光眼患者群体中的差异.
- 为了确定在种族和少数民族群体中潜在的青光眼治疗不足.
主要方法:
- 一个回顾性队列研究,利用IRIS注册 (视觉智能研究) 数据库.
- 包括2015年1月1日之前被诊断患有青光眼的患者,以及2015年至少进行一次眼科检查或相关手术的患者.
- 从2015年到2020年,多变量回归模型被用来分析视力结果 (例如,杯与盘比率的进展,视力差) 和利用结果 (例如,眼科检查,海外国家和地区,越南人) 跨种族和民族群体.
主要成果:
- 与白人患者相比,非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔患者表现出更高的杯对盘比率进展,视力差和绿眼镜过手术的几率.
- 西班牙裔患者的低视力诊断的几率增加,而黑人和西班牙裔患者不太可能接受眼科检查和光学连贯性断层扫描 (OCT) 扫描.
- 与白人患者相比,美洲原住民患者的视力差异更高,门诊,OCT,视野和手术的利用率更低.
结论:
- 显著的种族和民族差异仍然存在于视力结果和眼睛护理利用在美国绿眼病患者.
- 黑人,西班牙裔和美洲原住民的人口经历了更糟糕的视力结果和不太一致的疾病监测.
- 这些发现表明,在少数群体中,绿眼的治疗可能不足,从而增加他们视力丧失的风险,并强调需要针对性的干预措施.
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