父母存在对杏仁体和mPFC激活在恐惧调节期间的影响:一项探索性研究
Lior Abramson1, Bridget L Callaghan2, Jennifer A Silvers2
1Department of Psychology, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, New York, USA.
Developmental science
|March 29, 2024
概括
父母帮助孩子学会管理恐惧. 父母的存在减少了青春期恐惧学习期间杏仁体和中间前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 的压力反应.
科学领域:
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 社会神经科学是一种社会神经科学.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 学习区分安全和危险的线索对于生存至关重要.
- 父母对恐惧学习的影响包括压力反应缓冲和促进探索.
- 动物研究表明,在恐惧学习过程中,杏仁体和中间前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 的父母调制.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查父母的存在是否调节杏仁体和mPFC活动在人类的恐惧学习.
- 检查父母对青少年恐惧反应缓冲的基础的神经机制.
主要方法:
- 在经典的恐惧调节任务中使用了主体内设计.
- 参与者 (6-17岁) 接受了与父母在场或不在场的调节.
- fMRI数据分析了杏仁体和mPFC活动,以应对有条件刺激 (CS+/CS-) 和无条件刺激 (US).
主要成果:
- 父母的存在显著减少了对无条件刺激 (US) 的中枢桃体激活,表明缓冲应激反应.
- 父母的存在显示了对有条件威胁提示 (CS+) 与安全提示 (CS-) 的mPFC活动减少的趋势,这表明学习恐惧的调制.
- 这些发现在6至17岁的儿童和青少年队列中观察到.
结论:
- 父母的存在似乎调节了青春期恐惧学习期间杏仁体和mPFC的神经活动.
- 这些发现提供了关于父母在发育过程中的社会缓冲的神经基础的初步见解.
- 了解这些机制可以为焦虑和恐惧相关疾病的干预提供信息.
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