基于心血管和胸部成像模式的放射差异诊断:四个大型语言模型的视角
Pradosh Kumar Sarangi1, Aparna Irodi2, Swaha Panda3
1Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India.
大型语言模型 (LLM) 在产生心血管和胸部成像模式的差异诊断方面表现有前途. 虽然接受率很高,但在像Perplexity,ChatGPT,Bing和Bard这样的模型中,与专家共识的一致性差异很大.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像中的人工智能
- 放射学决策支持系统
- 在医疗保健中的自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 差异诊断在放射学中至关重要,但对于职业生涯早期的专业人士来说仍然具有挑战性.
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 通过访问和语境化大量基于文本的信息,提供了潜在的潜力.
- 本研究评估了LLM用于从成像模式生成差异诊断.
研究的目的:
- 评估四种LLM (ChatGPT3.5,Google Bard,Microsoft Bing,Perplexity) 在提供心血管和胸部成像关键差异诊断方面的实用性.
- 将这些LLM的性能与专家放射科医生的共识进行比较.
主要方法:
- 选择了15个心血管 (n=5) 和胸部 (n=10) 成像模式.
- 每个LLM都为每个模式生成了前5个差异诊断.
- 将LLM输出与两个心胸放射科医生的共识进行了比较,使用一致性和接受度量.
主要成果:
- 困惑表现出最高的一致性 (66.67%),其次是ChatGPT (65.33%) 和Bing (62.67%). 巴德的协同度最低 (45.33%).
- 对Perplexity (90.67%),Bing (89.33%) 和ChatGPT (85.33%) 的接受率最高,对Bard的接受率最低 (69.33%).
- 在评估的LLMs中观察到接受度和一致性的显著差异.
结论:
- 对心血管和胸部成像的LLM生成的差异诊断具有很高的接受度,但与专家共识的一致性是可变的.
- 困惑,Bing和ChatGPT在两个指标上都普遍超过了Bard的表现.
- 仔细选择合适的LLM对于临床应用和医学教育至关重要.
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