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可归因于风险因素的癌症负担,1990-2019:比较风险评估

Junjie Hu¹, Hongliang Dong^2,3, Yiming Dong⁴

¹Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.

|March 29, 2024

概括

通过解决关键风险因素,几乎一半的癌症病例是可以预防的. 从1990年到2019年,癌症负担显著增加,其中烟草,饮食和酒精是主要的贡献者.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
癌症研究癌症研究

背景情况:

评估与风险因素相关的癌症负担对于有效的预防策略至关重要.
全球负担和疾病研究 (GBD) 为此类分析提供了全面的数据.

研究的目的:

通过使用GBD 2019数据,全面评估与11个2级风险因素相关的癌症残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 的人口归因分数 (PAF).
确定导致全球癌症负担的关键可修改的风险因素,并随着时间的推移跟踪变化.

主要方法:

对癌症DALYs的人口归因分数 (PAF) 的分析.
利用了2019年全球负担和疾病研究 (GBD) 的数据.
研究了11个2级风险因素及其对1990年至2019年癌症负担的贡献.

主要成果:

几乎一半的癌症DALY可以归因于可修改的风险因素.
在1990年至2019年期间,总可归因的癌症DALY增加了60.42% (1050万).
确定了五大风险因素:烟草,饮食风险,酒精使用,高体重指数和空气污染.
在PAF中观察到高禁食血葡萄糖,高体重指数和低体力活动的增加趋势.
不安全的性行为是54岁以下妇女的主要危险因素.

结论:

全球癌症负担的很大一部分是可以通过风险因素修改来预防的.
有针对性的,针对特定人口的预防计划对于减少未来的癌症负担至关重要.
对于公共卫生干预措施,需要持续监测风险因素趋势.

关键词:

癌症癌症癌症癌症卫生科学卫生科学公共卫生公共卫生

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