直接的互惠和声誉在盲人和有视力的个人中同样影响信任决策
Maria Arioli1, Chiara Ferrari2, Lotfi B Merabet3
1Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.
Consciousness and cognition
|March 29, 2024
概括
早期失明的人在信任游戏中对负面的第一印象表现出更大的谨慎. 重复的互动有助于使盲人和有视力参与者之间的信任行为保持一致.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 信任是社会互动的基础.
- 了解感官障碍,如失明,如何影响信任对于社会融入至关重要.
- 声誉和互惠是信任的关键驱动力.
研究的目的:
- 调查失明对信任决策的影响.
- 检查声誉和互惠如何影响早期盲人与有视力的个人的信任.
- 为了确定信任行为的差异是否随着重复的社交互动而减少.
主要方法:
- 使用了多轮信任游戏的听觉版本.
- 操纵伴侣的声誉 (好/坏) 和行为 (个人主义/合作).
- 早期盲人和有视力参与者之间的投资决策比较.
主要成果:
- 负面的最初印象 (坏名声/自私的行为) 显著影响盲人参与者比有视力的参与者更多.
- 总体平均投资水平在盲人和有视力的群体之间在反复互动后趋同.
- 盲人参与者对具有负面初始特征的伴侣表现出更谨慎的行为.
结论:
- 失明可能会导致社会经济决策的初始谨慎程度提高.
- 感官模式影响社会信息的处理和信任的形成.
- 互惠和重复的互动可以减轻最初的信任偏见,无论视觉状态如何.
相关概念视频
02:07Blind Procedures
10.6K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
10.6K
00:52Social Proof
27.7K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
27.7K
01:11Blinding
2.4K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
2.4K
01:13Nonconscious Mimicry
4.6K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
4.6K
01:31Confirmation Biases
5.5K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
5.5K
01:53Cause and Effect
10.9K
While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
10.9K