微塑料的积累和对盆地无脊椎动物的生态影响:来自微观宇宙实验的见解
Andrea Augusto Sfriso1, Abdul-Salam Juhmani2, Yari Tomio3
1Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Marine pollution bulletin
|March 30, 2024
概括
微塑料积聚在盆地无脊椎动物中,这些物种更喜欢聚合物类型和大小. 摄入的微塑料影响了能量储备,特别是在沉积物中居住的生物中,表明了生态系统的脆弱性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MP) 污染是一个重要的全球环境问题.
- 地无脊椎动物特别容易受到微塑料污染.
- 了解微塑料的积累和海洋生态系统的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在一个月内调查微塑料 (聚烯和聚树脂) 在各种盆地无脊椎动物和一种藻类物种中的积累.
- 为了确定特定物种对微塑料大小和类型的偏好.
- 评估微塑料暴露对盆地生物体生化能量的影响.
主要方法:
- 地无脊椎动物和藻类*Ulva rigida*暴露于聚烯和聚树脂微塑料 (3-500μm) 的250μg L−1一个月.
- 量化微塑料积累 (数量和大小) 在生物体内和生物体上.
- 在两周后对暴露生物体的生物化学能量评估.
主要成果:
- 观察到特定物种的积累模式,在*Mytilus galloprovincialis*,*Chamelea gallina*,*Hexaplex trunculus*和*Paranemonia cinerea*中发现聚树脂,在*Ulva rigida*上发现聚烯.
- 随着时间的推移,每个人的微塑料数量减少,但大小保持一致.
- 微塑料主要在内部 (肠道,,生殖腺) 发现,其中11-35%粘附在外部.
- 水柱物种显示能量增加,而沉积物相关物种在MP暴露后显示能量损失.
结论:
- 地无脊椎动物对微塑料的摄入和粘附表现出基于聚合物类型和大小的选择性行为.
- 微塑料的内部积累,特别是在重要器官中,对盆地无脊椎动物构成风险.
- 与沉积物相关的盆地社区特别容易受到微塑料污染的负面能量影响,突出了对生态系统健康的严重威胁.
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