心血管风险和获得初级保健:中国有证件和无证件移民之间的比较
Alessio Pellegrino1, Maria Calabrese2, Maria Boddi1
1Medicina dello Sport e dell'Esercizio Fisico, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy; Department of Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Diabetes research and clinical practice
|March 30, 2024
概括
在意大利的无证中国移民面临重大健康风险,包括高血压和糖尿病,与在国家卫生服务 (NHS) 登记的移民相比,意识和治疗率较低. 改善的卫生政策对于这个脆弱的人群至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 中国移民代表了意大利的大量移民人口.
- 获得医疗保健服务和对健康状况的认识可能因移民身份而异.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较心血管风险因素在无证中国移民和在意大利国家卫生服务 (NHS) 登记的人群中的患病率.
- 为了确定这两个群体之间对高血压,2型糖尿病和高胆固醇血症的认识和治疗的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项针对意大利普拉托市3435名第一代中国移民的队列研究.
- 评估血压,血糖和胆固醇水平,以及药物使用.
- 根据既定的标准,对高血压,2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 和高胆固醇血症 (HC) 进行诊断.
- 多变量后勤回归分析用于比较无证移民和NHS登记移民之间的风险因素.
主要成果:
- 超过一半 (51%) 的研究队伍是无证中国移民.
- 无证移民的新诊断高血压,T2DM和HC的患病率更高.
- 国家卫生服务局的注册与对高血压和T2DM的认识和治疗率显著提高有关.
- 很少有高胆固醇血症患者接受了他类药物治疗,无论他们的移民身份如何.
结论:
- 与NHS注册的同行相比,在意大利的无证中国移民的心血管风险因素负担很高,健康意识较低.
- 有必要加强卫生政策和外展计划,以满足无证移民人口的医疗保健需求.
- 有针对性的干预措施是必要的,以改善难以到达的移民社区中慢性疾病的查,诊断和管理.
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