自主人工智能提高了糖尿病患者贫困人口的获得和健康平等
T Y Alvin Liu1, Jane Huang2, Roomasa Channa3
1Johns Hopkins University.
Research square
|April 1, 2024
概括
自主人工智能 (AI) 显著提高了糖尿病眼病 (DED) 测试在初级保健中的坚持,改善了所有患者的获取和健康公平,特别是服务不足的群体. 这项技术在减少糖尿病导致的失明方面显示出有前途.
科学领域:
- 眼科和公共卫生.
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 健康 公平 研究 健康 公平 研究
背景情况:
- 糖尿病眼病 (DED) 是可预防失明的主要原因,需要每年对糖尿病患者进行查.
- 从历史上看,对DED测试指南的遵守率很低,并且在访问方面存在差异,这些差异不成比例地影响了少数群体.
- 美国食品和药物管理局已经批准自主人工智能 (AI) 在初级保健机构中用于DED诊断.
研究的目的:
- 评估自主人工智能实施对DED测试遵守性的影响.
- 为了确定人工智能是否在不同的人口群体中不同地改善了坚持.
- 评估AI在增强糖尿病患者健康公平方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 在一个大型医疗保健系统中对糖尿病成年患者的回顾性分析.
- 具有和没有自主人工智能 (非人工智能与人工智能交换站点) 的初级保健站点之间的坚持率的比较.
- 使用后勤回归进行差异差异分析,比较2019年和2021年的坚持数据.
主要成果:
- 与非人工智能网站相比,使用人工智能切换的网站的坚持率比非人工智能网站高36%.
- 黑人 / 非洲裔美国人的坚持在AI切换站点上增加了11.9%,与非AI站点的1.2%下降形成鲜明对比.
- 亚裔美国人和黑人/非洲裔美国人之间的坚持差距显著缩小,从15.6%降至3.5%.
结论:
- 在一个大型医疗保健系统中真正部署自主人工智能明显改善了对DED查的遵守,这是一个关键的医疗保健有效性数据和信息集 (HEDIS) 措施.
- 自主人工智能增强了患者获得DED测试的机会,并促进了健康公平,特别有利于历史上弱势群体.
- 研究结果表明,自主人工智能是改善糖尿病眼睛护理结果和减少失明的宝贵工具,尽管需要进一步的前性验证.
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