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相关概念视频

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Characterization of Functionally Associated miRNAs in Glioblastoma and their Engineering into Artificial Clusters for Gene Therapy
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miRNA电路模块用于精确,可调节的基因表达控制.

Rongrong Du1, Michael J Flynn1, Monique Honsa2

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|April 1, 2024
PubMed
概括

研究人员开发了DIMMERs,一种基于miRNA的合成基因表达调节剂. 这些电路提供精确的,可调节的转基因控制,使研究和治疗的各种细胞类型的蛋白质水平保持一致.

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科学领域:

  • 合成生物学 合成生物学
  • 分子和细胞生物学分子和细胞生物学.
  • 生物技术是生物技术.

背景情况:

  • 精确控制转基因表达对于细胞研究和治疗应用至关重要.
  • 目前的基因传递方法缺乏定量控制,并且往往效率低下.
  • 现有的补偿机制在可调性和复杂性方面存在局限性.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种新的合成基因表达调节器工具包,用于精确和可调节的转基因控制.
  • 为了在不同的遗传环境中实现剂量不变的蛋白质表达.
  • 为了使同一个细胞内的多个基因能够独立控制.

主要方法:

  • 基于微RNA (miRNA) 的紧型合成电路模块 (DIMMER) 的设计和实施.
  • 在不连贯的前循环架构中利用多价值miRNA调节相互作用.
  • 为直角电路变体开发一个启发式miRNA设计算法.

主要成果:

  • DIMMER在广泛的基因剂量和转录速率上实现了几乎均的蛋白质表达.
  • 在各种细胞类型中证明了对转基因的精确,可调和和剂量不变的控制.
  • 成功应用DIMMER来增强CRISPR成像和超分辨率EGFR受体成像.

结论:

  • DIMMERs工具包为精确和可调节的基因表达控制提供了强大的解决方案.
  • 这些调节器可以在不同的细胞类型中移植,适用于各种生物技术领域.
  • 开发的系统通过改进的转基因表达管理来推进基因疗法和基本生物学研究.