管理:它正在病毒化
Abigail Jenkins1, Jubeyr Ahmed2, Andrew Bosworth2
1Department of Pharmacy, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Infection prevention in practice
|April 1, 2024
概括
抗病毒管理 (AVS) 轮在英国供应短缺期间,静脉注射阿西克洛维尔的使用量显著减少了50%. 这种新的方法优化了抗病毒处方和患者管理,并计划更广泛地实施.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 临床药房 临床药房
背景情况:
- 抗菌药物管理 (AMS) 传统上侧重于抗生素,对抗真菌药物越来越感兴趣,但抗病毒管理 (AVS) 的发展有限.
- 2022年6月,英国出现了静脉注射阿西克洛维尔 (ACV IV) 的关键供应问题,需要采取紧急措施来保护该药物.
- 伯明翰大学医院 (UHBFT) 推出了一种新的抗病毒管理审查流程,以管理ACV IV供应.
研究的目的:
- 描述UHBFT的抗病毒管理 (AVS) 审查的实施和影响.
- 评估AVS在处理阿西克洛维尔 (ACV) 供应短缺方面的有效性.
- 评估AVS在优化抗病毒处方,诊断和患者管理中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在供应短缺期间接受>48小时ACV IV的患者进行了专业审查.
- 收集的数据包括提供咨询,接受率和审查过程中的时间承诺.
- 审查的重点是为关键病例保留ACV IV,并探索口服切换或停止.
主要成果:
- 与基线相比,抗病毒管理 (AVS) 轮将静脉注射阿西克洛维尔 (ACV IV) 摄入量减半了50%以上.
- 超过一半的被审查的患者被建议停止或切换到口服阿西克洛维尔治疗.
- 治理建议被临床团队迅速接受,并且由于其成功,该计划被重新引入.
结论:
- 抗病毒AMS轮在优化抗病毒采样,诊断和患者管理方面是有效的.
- 在UHBFT建立的AVS计划成功地管理了药物供应问题,并改善了处方.
- 该AVS模型显示,它有望在其他医疗机构实施,以加强抗病毒护理.
相关概念视频
00:57Viral Recombination
23.4K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.4K
01:20Infection
7.9K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
7.9K
00:36Viral Mutations
32.3K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.3K
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
45.9K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
45.9K
01:17Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets
3.6K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
3.6K
02:33Retroviruses
12.3K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.3K