在REACT项目中,采用多变量多层次的方法来揭示个人和学校因素与儿童运动表现之间的关联
José Maia1, Carla Santos1,2, Sara Pereira1,2
1Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
概括
身体健康 (PF) 和对象控制基本运动技能 (FMS) 在儿童中具有中等的相关性. 儿童的特点显著影响PF和FMS,而学校环境的影响较小.
科学领域:
- 儿科运动科学 儿科运动科学
- 汽车发展 汽车发展
- 童年身体活动 儿童身体活动
背景情况:
- 基本运动技能 (FMS) 和身体健康 (PF) 对儿童的健康和发展至关重要.
- 了解FMS,PF和影响因素之间的相互作用对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计身体健康和对象控制基本运动技能之间的关系.
- 识别与身体健康和FMS相关的儿童特征.
- 检查学校环境对身体健康和FMS的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个1014名葡萄牙儿童 (6-10岁) 的样本参与了REACT项目.
- 身体健康和对象控制FMS使用标准化测试进行评估,并转化为z分数.
- 收集了儿童水平 (BMI,体力活动,SES) 和学校水平 (规模,体育课程,设施) 的变量.
主要成果:
- 在身体健康和对象控制FMS之间发现了适度的相关性 (r=.62,与共变量下降到0.43).
- 儿童层面的因素解释了大约90%的差异;年长,更活跃,更高的SES男孩表现更好.
- 学校特征仅解释了10%的差异,大多数学校个体预测指标没有显示显著的联合关联.
结论:
- 身体健康和对象控制FMS之间存在中等关系,儿童特征是主要的驱动因素.
- 干预措施应侧重于个体儿童的因素,因为学校环境在解释变异方面起的作用较小.
- 并非所有的儿童特征都同样影响了身体健康和FMS,突出了需要细微的方法.
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