转基因绿树表达来自Bacillus thuringiensis的杀虫剂蛋白质,用于抗昆虫:一个风险评估的评估前景
Dror Avisar1, Alexandre Manoeli2, Anselmo Azevedo Dos Santos2
1FuturaGene Israel Ltd. (R&D), Rehovot, Israel.
Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
|April 2, 2024
概括
经过Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 蛋白质的工程改造,耐昆虫的白已经被批准在巴西商业化. 广泛的安全评估证实了其与常规树在环境和人类安全方面的同等性.
科学领域:
- 生物技术和农业科学 生物技术和农业科学
- 林业和昆虫学 林业和昆虫学
- 环境生物安全环境生物安全
背景情况:
- 巴西的树种植面积为750万公,面临着诸如棕色环状虫 (Thyrinteina arnobia) 等害虫的重大威胁.
- 由于商业树种植园的昆虫损害,经济损失和森林生产率下降是主要问题.
- 开发抗害虫树木品种对于可持续林业和木材生产至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估用Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 杀虫剂蛋白质 (Cry1Ab,Cry1Bb,Cry2Aa) 改造的耐昆虫 (IR) 的生物安全性.
- 为了评估与传统品种相比,IR白树对环境的影响和安全性.
- 在巴西获得Bt树商业化监管批准.
主要方法:
- 综合生物安全评估包括分子基因组学,蛋白质消化性和热稳定性分析.
- 在巴西多样化的生物群中进行实地试验,评估非目标生物体的暴露,环境降解性以及对土壤和节肢动物群落的影响.
- 对于过敏性和毒性评估的in silico研究.
主要成果:
- 实验室和实地研究表明,Bt白树对人类,动物和环境来说与传统白树克隆一样安全.
- 没有观察到对土壤微生物群落或非目标关节动物的不良影响.
- 发现杀虫蛋白 (Cry1Ab,Cry1Bb,Cry2Aa) 是安全有效的.
结论:
- 由FuturaGene (Suzano SA) 开发的耐昆虫树品种符合严格的生物安全标准.
- 巴西国家生物安全技术委员会 (CTNBio) 的批准证实了Bt树的安全商业化.
- 这项创新提供了一种安全和可持续的解决方案,用于在商业白树生产中管理昆虫害虫.
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