疫苗用于预防老年人呼吸道同胞性病毒
Daniel Wroblewski1, Lindsay A Brust-Sisti2,3, Matthew Bridgeman4
1Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
The Annals of pharmacotherapy
|April 2, 2024
概括
新的呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 疫苗有效地预防了RSV相关的60岁及以上成年人下呼吸道疾病. 这些RSV疫苗是安全的,并推给老年人.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 构成严重的健康风险,特别是对老年人来说,导致下呼吸道疾病 (LRTD).
- 新型疫苗已经开发出来,以应对RSV在这个脆弱人群中的负担.
- 评估这些新疫苗的疗效和安全性对于公共卫生建议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查60岁及以上的成年人新批准的呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 疫苗的疗效和安全性.
- 综合临床试验数据和两种特定RSV疫苗的处方信息:Arexvy和Abrysvo.
- 为了告知临床实践和关于老年人RSV疫苗接种的决策.
主要方法:
- 在2024年2月27日之前进行了全面的文献搜索,使用关键词如RSV,病毒性呼吸道疾病,疫苗,RSVpreF,RSVpreF3,Prefusion F,Abrysvo和Arexvy.
- 从初级文献和疫苗处方信息中获得的数据的审查,包括临床药理学,疗效,安全性,不良事件,警告和预防措施.
- 10篇文章的深入分析,包括两个主要的III期临床试验的详细结果.
主要成果:
- 两种疫苗,呼吸道同胞性病毒疫苗 (重组 [辅助];RSVpreF3-ASO1E,Arexvy) 和呼吸道同胞性病毒疫苗 (重组;RSVpreF,Abrysvo),已被批准用于预防60岁及以上的美国成年人RSV相关的LRTD.
- 第三阶段试验结果表明,这些疫苗的单剂量在两个RSV季节内有效预防RSV相关的LRTD.
- 报告的最常见的副作用是注射部位反应,如疼痛,红色和胀.
结论:
- RSVpreF3-ASO1E (Arexvy) 和RSVpreF (Abrysvo) 疫苗有效预防60岁及以上的成年人RSV相关的LRTD.
- 免疫接种实践咨询委员会根据共享临床决策,建议在这个年龄段的成年人接种这些疫苗.
- 疫苗的注射包括一次0.5毫升的肌肉内注射,需要在注射前进行溶解.
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