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职业全身振动对人类认知,视觉和运动功能的后果:系统性审查
Barbara Halmai1, Timothy P Holsgrove2, Samuel J Vine1
1University of Exeter, Public Health and Sport Sciences, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
Applied ergonomics
|April 2, 2024
概括
职业全身振动 (WBV) 暴露可能会损害姿势稳定性并影响认知,但对其对人类功能影响的证据仍然不一致. 需要进一步的研究来更新安全法规.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 全身振动 (WBV) 在许多职业中很常见,可能会对员工的健康和工作绩效产生负面影响.
- 现有的关于职业WBV对人类功能性的具体影响的研究是分散的.
- 需要对证据进行全面的综合分析,以了解WBV暴露的急性后果.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估有关职业性WBV暴露对人类功能性的急性影响的证据.
- 评估认知,视觉功能,姿势稳定性和运动控制变化的证据的强度和方向.
- 确定当前研究的局限性,并指导未来的研究.
主要方法:
- 在16个主要数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2023年4月26日.
- 包括的研究量化了WBV暴露,并测量了认知,视觉,姿势和运动功能的急性变化.
- 使用ROBINS-E工具评估了偏差风险,32项研究符合资格标准.
主要成果:
- 在WBV暴露后,体位稳定性被发现要么恶化,要么保持不变.
- 认知功能表现出不一致的影响,而视觉功能和运动控制没有显著变化.
- 很大一部分研究 (34%) 存在中度至高偏差风险,这表明方法上的局限性.
结论:
- 目前的证据不足以最终更新WBV的职业健康和安全法规.
- 暴露于WBV有可能损害暴露后的人类表现和安全.
- 振动暴露特性和功能评估中的不一致性限制了最终的结论.
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