该ER-SURF途径使用ER-线粒体接触点来向线粒体的蛋白质向
Christian Koch1, Svenja Lenhard1, Markus Räschle2
1Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
EMBO reports
|April 2, 2024
概括
线粒体蛋白质从内分泌网膜 (ER) 到线粒体的运输依赖于接触点. 这些部位促进了ER-to-mitochondria传递路线,防止蛋白质的积累,并确保了线粒体的功能.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 线粒体生物学 线粒体生物学
- 贩卖蛋白质 贩卖蛋白质 是一个问题.
背景情况:
- 大多数线粒体蛋白质在细胞质中合成,并在翻译后进口.
- 该ER-SURF途径利用内质网膜 (ER) 作为对一些线粒体前体蛋白的分类平台.
- 这些蛋白质从ER转移到线粒体的机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究ER-线粒体接触点在线粒体前体蛋白转移中的作用.
- 确定涉及ER-to-mitochondria蛋白质传递的特定组件和途径.
主要方法:
- 利用遗传方法破坏ER-线粒体接触部位 (ERMES) 和特定蛋白质 (Tom70,Djp1,Lam6).
- 使用显微镜观察了线粒体前体蛋白的局部化.
- 在受损的ER-to-mitochondria转移条件下评估线粒体功能.
主要成果:
- 线粒体接触点对于前体蛋白从ER转移到线粒体至关重要.
- 两个并行且部分冗余的途径涉及ERMES,Tom70,Djp1和Lam6调解这种转移.
- 这些接触点的破坏会导致前体蛋白在ER和线粒体功能障碍上积累.
结论:
- 通过直接转移机制,ER在线粒体蛋白质生物发生过程中发挥着积极的作用.
- 对于有效的线粒体蛋白质进口和功能来说,ER-线粒体接触点至关重要.
- 已识别的途径突出显示了ER和线粒体之间的复杂协调.
相关概念视频
Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
7.2K
The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...
7.2K
Mitochondrial Protein Sorting
4.3K
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death. Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
4.3K
Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER
3.6K
After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
3.6K
ER Retrieval Pathway
3.8K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
3.8K
Tail-anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane
3.1K
Tail-anchored, or TA, proteins are estimated to make up to 3-5% of membrane proteins found in the eukaryotic cell. Such proteins have a single transmembrane domain located approximately 30 amino acid residues upstream from the C-terminal end. As a result, the signal recognition particle (SRP) cannot guide a TA protein to the ER membrane for cotranslational insertion. Hence, they are integrated into the ER membrane post-translationally using their C-terminal end as the anchor. TA proteins...
3.1K
Protein Translocation Machinery on the ER Membrane
4.6K
The translocon complex situated on the ER membrane is the main gateway for the protein secretory pathway. It facilitates the transport of nascent peptides into the ER lumen and their insertion into the ER membrane.
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the...
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the...
4.6K


