在精神分裂症或双相情感障碍患者中,处方阿片类药物的分发模式
Brittany D Roy1, Jianheng Li2, Cathy Lally2
1Alkermes, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA.
BMC psychiatry
|April 2, 2024
概括
精神分裂症 (SZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 患者的处方阿片类药物开放量比对照组高. 从2015年到2019年,阿片类药物分发在两组和对照组都下降了.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一种精神病学.
- 药理学 药理学 是一个学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 患者面临处方阿片类药物增加的风险,包括呼吸系统抑郁.
- 在这些患者群体中,阿片类药物的使用需要仔细监测,因为可能发生不良事件.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较五年时间内SZ或BD患者与对照组的处方阿片类药物发行趋势.
- 评估慢性和非慢性阿片类药物处方对SZ和BD患者的变化.
主要方法:
- 来自商业和医疗补助数据库的美国索赔数据 (2015-2019) 的回顾性分析.
- 与年龄和性别匹配的对照人群相比,包括患有SZ或BD的18-64岁个体.
- 慢性 (≥70天或≥6处方) 和非慢性阿片类药物开放模式的评估.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有SZ和BD的患者表现出更高的并发症患病率,包括疼痛.
- 从2015年到2019年,在SZ/BD患者和商业和医疗补助保险类型的对照中,阿片类药物 (慢性和非慢性) 的处方减少了.
- 虽然慢性阿片类药物开放量有所下降,但与对照组相比,BD患者的慢性阿片类药物开放量仍然较高.
结论:
- 处方阿片类药物分发,无论是慢性还是非慢性,在2015年至2019年期间,SZ和BD和对照组的患者的处方阿片类药物分发下降.
- 与对照组相比,BD患者的阿片类药物分发比例在BD患者中始终较高.
- 该研究强调了减少阿片类药物开放的一般趋势,但严重精神疾病患者的差异仍然存在.
相关概念视频
01:26Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
125
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
125
01:28Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview
248
The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
248
01:28Drug Therapy
43
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
43
01:02Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs
725
Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
725
01:24Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview
176
Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as...
176
01:15Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
287
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
287