皮层专业化与早期婴儿期的母语类别获取相关
Jie Ren1, Lin Cai2, Gaoding Jia3
1Longy School of Music of Bard College, 27 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|April 3, 2024
概括
学习普通话的婴儿随着年龄的增长,表现出更好的语音歧视. 他们的大脑,特别是额头区域,在这个关键的语言学习期间发展抽象的语音表现和侧面化,反映成年人的模式.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 婴儿的语音感知对于语言学习至关重要.
- 了解婴儿母语专业化的神经机制是关键.
- 中国普通话是一种音调语言,为学习音调处理提供了一个独特的模型.
研究的目的:
- 研究婴儿中普通话音调神经处理中的与年龄相关的变化.
- 检查下面额区域在抽象语音类别表示中的作用.
- 在发育早期的音调处理过程中探索半球横向化模式.
主要方法:
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 用于测量大脑活动.
- 一个块设计范式通过音节[ta]呈现了四个普通话音调.
- 参与者包括2至6个月大的普通话学习婴儿.
主要成果:
- 观察到与年龄相关的色调歧视显著改善.
- 较年长的婴儿表现出额头区域的参与度增加,这表明他们正在发展抽象的音色表征.
- 大脑激活模式在年龄较大的婴儿中变得更加双边,类似于成年普通话说者的模式.
结论:
- 早期接触音色语言会影响婴儿的神经发育.
- 发育中的大脑对母语特征的专业化日益增加.
- 研究结果强调了语音获取和神经可塑性的关键时期.
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