通过蛋白质工程追溯一种除草剂降解酶的快速进化
Markus R Busch1, Lukas Drexler1, Dhani Ram Mahato2
1Institute of Biophysics and Physical Biochemistry, Regensburg Center for Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
ACS catalysis
|April 3, 2024
概括
酶从现有的副活动中快速演变出新的功能. 基亚特拉乙烯氨基酶AtzB是从瓜脱氨酶进化而来的,通过少数突变证明了快速的酶进化.
科学领域:
- 生物化学和分子生物学
- 酵素进化 酵素进化
- 环境微生物学 环境微生物学
背景情况:
- 新型酶活性从乱交功能演变的过程还不太清楚.
- 最近进化的酶降解环境的异生菌,为这些机制提供了洞察力.
- 涉及atrazine降解的Atz路径提供了一个模型系统.
研究的目的:
- 调查基亚特拉乙烯氨基酸酶 (AtzB) 的进化起源.
- 为了确定AtzB的乱伦活动,这可能表明它的祖先.
- 了解快速酶进化的分子基础.
主要方法:
- 生物化学分析检测AtzB及其同类的乱伦活动.
- 位点定向突变发生以改变活性位点残留物.
- 序列比较和遗传学分析.
- 模拟分子动力学以分析结构变化.
主要成果:
- AtzB表现出低散乱的关氨酸除氨酶活性.
- 密切相关的同类物作为氨酸脱氨酶,具有适度的氧氨酸酸酶活性.
- 四个活性位点突变显著增强了AtzB的瓜除氨酶活性.
- 同类物体的逆基因突变增加了它们的氧氨酸酸酶活性.
结论:
- 新型酶可以通过最小的突变,从低乱活动迅速演变为高催化能力.
- AtzB系统在短的进化时间框架内展示了快速的酶进化.
- 了解这些机制对于合成生物学和酶工程至关重要.
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