来自西澳大利亚婴儿的侵袭性B组菌株的表征,2004-2020年
Ginger Hilpipre1,2, Lucy L Furfaro3, Michelle Porter2
1School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Journal of medical microbiology
|April 3, 2024
概括
婴儿的B组链球菌 (GBS) 感染是一个主要问题. 虽然疫苗的覆盖率很高,但GBS菌株抗生素耐药性增加需要持续监测和更新治疗指南.
科学领域:
- 微生物学与传染病的研究
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 对抗生素耐药性的监测和监测
背景情况:
- 侵袭性B组链球菌 (GBS) 是婴儿疾病和死亡的主要原因.
- 产后抗生素预防 (IAP) 可以减少早期发病的GBS疾病,但疫苗可能会产生更大的影响.
- 目前的候选疫苗针对GBS囊多糖和表面蛋白质.
研究的目的:
- 通过全基因组测序和抗菌素敏感性测试,对来自西澳大利亚婴儿的侵袭性GBS分离物 (2004-2020) 进行鉴定.
- 评估GBS血清型,分子型和抗生素耐药性的趋势随着时间的推移.
- 评估当前GBS候选疫苗的潜在覆盖率.
主要方法:
- 135个无菌部位GBS分离物的全基因组测序.
- 现型抗微生物敏感性测试.
- 在三个不同的时间段 (2004-2008,2009-2015,2016-2020) 中对分离物进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 在研究期间,血清型III和克隆复合体17的患病率显著增加.
- 目前主要候选疫苗的高预测疫苗覆盖率 (>95%).
- 没有青素耐药性,但增加了青素敏感性和增加了克林达米辛耐药性 (高达45.8%).
结论:
- 目前GBS候选疫苗的高覆盖率表明它们的潜在有效性.
- 转变的GBS血清型和分子形状强调了需要持续监视的必要性.
- 对IAP剂的抗菌素耐药性增加需要对抗生素指南进行审查和潜在的修订.
相关概念视频
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
14.1K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
14.1K
Bacterial Gastroenteritis
88
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
88
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance
90
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
90
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction
15
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
15
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology
24
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
24


