在连续体内预防性暴力:大学生旁观者干预参与的差异
Paul Branscum1, Christine Hackman2
1Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
Journal of interpersonal violence
|April 3, 2024
概括
在性侵犯和性骚扰中,大学生对旁观者干预 (BI) 的意愿不同. 态度有利于性侵犯的BI,而感知行为控制有利于性骚扰的BI.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 高等教育研究 高等教育研究
背景情况:
- 性暴力,包括性骚扰和性侵犯,是大学校园的一个重要问题.
- 目前对旁观者干预 (BI) 的研究主要集中在预防性侵犯,对性骚扰的关注有限.
- 了解学生的干预意愿对于制定有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较大学生参与旁观者干预 (BI) 的意愿,以防止性侵犯与性骚扰.
- 为了检查基于理论的态度差异,感知规范,和感知行为控制 (PBC) 与BI相关的两种类型的性暴力.
主要方法:
- 采用两次点调查设计来评估大学生的意图,态度,感知规范和PBC.
- 评估了BI的变量,以防止T1的性侵犯和T2的性骚扰.
- 使用独立的t测试和线性回归分析来比较群体并确定BI意图的决定因素.
主要成果:
- 与性骚扰相比,学生在性侵犯方面对BI的态度明显更高.
- 相反,学生在性骚扰方面报告了BI的显著更高的感知行为控制 (PBC),而不是性侵犯.
- 态度和PBC解释了BI/性骚扰的45.9%的意图差异,而感知规范和态度解释了BI/性骚扰的28.4%.
结论:
- 在大学生对性侵犯和性骚扰的旁观者干预的心理倾向中存在显著差异.
- 由于其潜在的下游影响,更多地关注预防性骚扰是有必要的.
- 进一步的研究应该调查特定的BI策略,以提高其在预防性骚扰和性侵犯方面的有效性.
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