年龄对非母语听众和母语听众的声音识别有不同的影响
Ian Phillips1,2, Rebecca E Bieber1,2, Coral Dirks1
1Audiology & Speech Pathology Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD.
概括
与母语人士相比,老年非母语英语人士的听觉语音识别与年龄相关的下降速度更快. 这些发现突出了对诊断和治疗听力障碍的潜在临床影响.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 语音感知 语音感知
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 听觉功能随着年龄的增长而发生变化.
- 母语和非母语语言背景可能会影响听觉处理.
- 有限的研究存在于与母语和非母语英语使用者之间的年龄相关的听觉差异.
研究的目的:
- 调查母语和非母语英语使用者之间超值听觉功能的年龄相关差异.
- 为了检查年龄如何影响不同语音群体的语音识别能力.
主要方法:
- 对5572名参与者 (年龄在18-65岁之间) 的数据进行了回顾性分析.
- 使用了三个超值的听觉测试:双耳音调检测,数字识别和句子识别.
- 自认的母语和非母语英语使用者之间的性能比较.
主要成果:
- 在基于语音的测试 (数字字符串,句子) 中发现了年龄和语音组之间的显著相互作用,但在语音检测中没有.
- 语音识别差异出现在成年早期.
- 与年龄相关的词识别下降在非母语使用者中比母语使用者快2.9-3.3倍.
结论:
- 根据母语背景,老龄对听觉语音识别有不同的影响.
- 年长的非母语英语使用者可能会在语音噪音感知方面出现更明显的缺陷.
- 研究结果表明,对非母语英语使用者的听力学评估和干预有潜在的临床影响.
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