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相关概念视频

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Histology of the Small Intestine01:27

Histology of the Small Intestine

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The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...
758
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine
09:25

Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

Published on: May 21, 2012

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免疫微粒形成肠道Treg功能

Yisu Gu1, Raquel Bartolomé-Casado2,3, Chuan Xu2

  • 1Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Nature
|April 3, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

肠道免疫系统通过自身膜中的特定细胞相互作用来维持耐受性. 炎症破坏了这一点, 突出了开发新疗法的空间机制.

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Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
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Isolating Lymphocytes from the Mouse Small Intestinal Immune System
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine
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Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

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Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
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Isolating Lymphocytes from the Mouse Small Intestinal Immune System
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科学领域:

  • 免疫学
  • 胃肠病学
  • 系统生物学

背景情况:

  • 肠道免疫系统平衡了对共生动物的耐受性和病原体的防御.
  • 了解肠道免疫平衡是治疗炎症疾病的关键.
  • 空间组织在T细胞调节功能中的作用尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 研究肠道中微生物反应性T调节细胞的空间和时间动态.
  • 在耐受性和炎症期间确定控制T细胞调节功能的关键细胞和相互作用.
  • 发现肠道恢复免疫耐受性的机制.

主要方法:

  • 在体内实时成像
  • 通过光激活引导的单细胞RNA测序
  • 空间转录学
  • 对T细胞对Helicobacter hepaticus反应的分析

主要成果:

  • 膜本身,而不是淋巴结合物,是T细胞调节功能的关键位.
  • 炎症会破坏分离并改变树突细胞群.
  • 在自身膜中发现了CD206+巨细胞和T调节细胞之间的耐受性相互作用.

结论:

  • 自身膜的空间分离是维持肠道免疫耐受性的关键机制.
  • 这些空间的破坏会导致炎症.
  • 了解这些相互作用可以为开发新型耐受性诱导疗法提供信息.