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通过基于腺病毒载体的COVID-19疫苗诱导的混合免疫的比较单细胞转录特征

Melissa García-Vega¹, Hui Wan², Mónica Reséndiz-Sandoval¹

¹Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, Mexico.

Genes and immunity

|April 3, 2024

概括

无论是AZD1222 (AZ) 还是Ad5-nCoV (Cso) 疫苗,都会刺激免疫反应. 在之前感染COVID-19并接种疫苗 (混合免疫) 的个人中,Ad5-nCoV显示出更强的CD8+T细胞反应.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
病毒学病毒学
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

了解疫苗诱导和感染诱导的免疫反应对于对抗COVID-19至关重要.
通过比较不同的疫苗平台和免疫类型 (原始,混合,感染),可以了解细胞和抗体介导的保护.

研究的目的:

为了比较由AZD1222 (AZ) 和Ad5-nCoV (Cso) 疫苗引起的抗体和单细胞RNA-seq免疫反应.
分析先前接种疫苗,混合免疫和COVID-19感染个体的免疫细胞概况.

主要方法:

从五个组分析了周围血液单核细胞 (PBMC):先前接种疫苗 (AZ,Cso),混合免疫 (AZ-hb,Cso-hb) 和感染 (Inf).
测量了抗体反应,以及单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq) 的PBMCs.
转录基因分析的重点是B细胞,CD4+和CD8+T细胞.

主要成果:

AZD1222诱导的中和抗体反应比Ad5-nCoV.
Ad5-nCoV和混合Ad5-nCoV组显示出高记忆B细胞频率.
在AZ和AZ-hb组中表达CXCR4的活化原始B细胞突出.
Ad5-nCoV强烈激活了表达ANX1和FOS的CD4+T细胞 (原始和记忆细胞).
在Cso-hb组中,表达GZMB,GZMH和IFNG基因的CD8+T细胞的一个子集被强烈激活.

结论:

无论是AZD1222还是Ad5-nCoV疫苗都有效地刺激细胞免疫反应.
在接受疫苗 (混合免疫) 的先前感染的个体中,Ad5-nCoV表现出更强大的CD8+T细胞反应.
疫苗和免疫类型显著影响免疫细胞激活的概况.

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