热带非本土巨型植物在地中海海域的传播率不断增加
Marlene Wesselmann1, Iris E Hendriks1, Mark Johnson2
1Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Esporles, Spain.
Global change biology
|April 4, 2024
概括
地中海的海洋植物入侵正在加速,特别是热带物种. 海洋变暖使得这些非本土巨植物通过适应较低的温度而扩大.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
- 气候变化影响 气候变化影响
背景情况:
- 全球变暖和物种引入正在增加,但它们之间的因果关系仍然不清楚.
- 在地中海中越来越多地观察到海洋非本土巨型植物,包括巨型藻类和海草.
研究的目的:
- 重建地中海海洋非本土巨型植物的入侵历史.
- 分析物种的扩张速度与它们的本土热条件之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用1813-2023年的分发记录来追踪入侵历史.
- 通过最大线性传播率 (公里/年) 和占用电网单元 (50公里2) 定义的扩张.
- 分析了膨胀速度和本地热之间的相关性,特别是海面温度 (SST).
主要成果:
- 自20世纪60年代以来,观察到非本土巨型植物引入和传播率的显著增加,在20世纪90年代后加剧.
- 在21世纪初,入侵速度达到26 ± 9公里/年,热带/亚热带物种的入侵速度比温带物种更快.
- 来自温暖的本地地区的物种的传播率更高;许多非本地巨型植物由于热可塑性而容忍较冷的地中海最低SST.
结论:
- 未来的海洋变暖将在地中海扩大适合热友 (热爱) 物种的热性息地.
- 低热极限的可塑性允许热带/亚热带巨型植物在地中海繁荣壮大和扩张.
- 预计持续的变暖将进一步加速地中海非本土巨型植物的传播.
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