在小儿一般性焦虑症中探索皮层下L-HPA轴结构的体积异常
Alexander Tobias Ysbæk-Nielsen1
1Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nordic journal of psychiatry
|April 4, 2024
概括
儿科普遍焦虑障碍 (GAD) 与大脑结构的扩大有关,包括腹部海马体脑膜 (vSC),底侧杏仁体 (BLA) 和中背丘脑 (MDm). 这些发现表明,早期的结构变化可能是儿童GAD的基础.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿科精神病学 儿科精神病学
背景情况:
- 儿科普遍焦虑障碍 (GAD) 是一种流行且使人衰弱的疾病,其起源不清楚.
- 目前对GAD的边缘-海马体-垂体-上腺 (L-HPA) 轴的研究已经产生了不确定的形态测量结果.
- 特定的皮质下区域对于L-HPA轴调节至关重要,需要集中研究.
研究的目的:
- 在被诊断患有GAD的学龄前儿童中识别特定的皮层下结构异常.
- 为了比较患有和没有GAD的儿童之间关键大脑区域的体积差异.
- 探索这些结构差异与GAD症状严重程度之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 从38名学龄前儿童 (15名GAD,23名健康对照) 获得MRI扫描.
- 在基底侧杏仁体 (BLA),腹部海马体体 (vSC) 和中脊体 (MDm) 上进行了细分和体积分析.
- 进行了组间比较,以评估体积差异.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有GAD的儿童表现出明显更大的vSC.
- 在患有GAD的儿童中观察到增加的BLA和MDm体积,接近统计学意义.
- 在所有测量尺度,特别是MDm上,都发现了右半球横向化,其大小与症状严重程度相关.
结论:
- 参与焦虑和L-HPA轴调节的BLA,vSC和MDm在患有GAD的儿童中被扩大.
- 这些扩大可能表明过度缩或早期的神经元过度生长与过度兴奋相关.
- 未来的纵向研究应该检查这些早期形态发现和后来的皮层下缩之间的联系.
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