新辅助免疫检查点封锁增强了头癌的局部和全身瘤免疫力
Ye Zhao1, Kai W Wucherpfennig1,2,3
1Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.
Current opinion in oncology
|April 4, 2024
概括
新辅助性免疫检查点阻塞 (ICB) 增强了抗瘤T细胞的反应,导致瘤衰退,并可能减少头部和部状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 的手术范围. 这种方法显示出有希望的生存结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 新辅助免疫检查点阻断 (ICB) 证明了在各种癌症中具有临床疗效,包括FDA批准的三阴性乳腺癌和非小细胞肺癌的指示.
- 头部和部状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 是新辅助ICB策略的活跃研究领域.
- 了解新辅助性ICB的局部和全身免疫效应对于优化治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查HNSCC中新辅助ICB的最近临床试验数据.
- 探索新辅助ICB对HNSCC中T细胞介导免疫的局部和系统影响的机制研究.
主要方法:
- 对HNSCC中新辅助ICB的临床试验和机制研究的审查.
- 对T细胞种群的分析,包括内CD8T细胞和循环活性CD8T细胞.
主要成果:
- 新辅助性ICB显示临床活性,包括HNSCC患者的一个子集的病理下降阶段和反应.
- 机理学研究显示,组织寄存的细胞毒性CD8T细胞在瘤内扩张,以及与瘤透的淋巴细胞共享TCR序列的激活循环CD8T细胞的扩张.
- 活化循环 CD8 T 细胞的频率增加与病理反应相关.
结论:
- 短期的新辅助免疫疗法可以增加局部和全身瘤反应性T细胞种群.
- 新辅助剂ICB诱导的降级可能允许在HNSCC中进行较少的外科切除.
- 新出现的数据表明,瘤对新辅助ICB有反应的HNSCC患者的生存率有所改善.
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