机构设计和道德冲突在医疗保健的优先设定
1Wachtell Fellow in Behavioral Law and Economics, University of Chicago Law School, 1111 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. petrovp@uchicago.edu.
Medicine, health care, and philosophy
|April 4, 2024
概括
卫生保健重点设定涉及到平衡效率和不放弃. 认知心理学解释了这种冲突,不同国家采用独特的制度设计来管理它.
科学领域:
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 医疗保健优先设定面临着平衡效率和不放弃的压力.
- 为了理解民主制度的制度设计,需要研究这种冲突.
- 认知心理因素影响医疗保健资源分配的决策.
研究的目的:
- 在医疗保健优先设定中的效率与救援/不放弃冲突的认知心理解释.
- 描述和比较澳大利亚,英格兰/威尔士和德国解决这一冲突的制度安排.
- 对发达民主国家的医疗保健优先设定制度设计产生影响.
主要方法:
- 效率与救援/不放弃之间的冲突的认知心理分析.
- 对澳大利亚,英格兰/威尔士和德国的机构安排进行比较案例研究分析.
- 检查对卫生政策和机构设计的影响.
主要成果:
- 伦理心理学中的不确定性可能导致机构设计中的不确定性.
- 局面上的约束需要规范性道德多元主义来确定政策制定者的优先事项.
- 美国医疗保健系统可能表现出反优先设定平衡.
结论:
- 机构设计必须考虑到对优先级设置的认知心理影响.
- 规范性道德多元主义是一种实际的必要性,是由情境约束所塑造的.
- 发达民主国家在建立有效的医疗保健优先设定机制方面面临挑战.
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