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相关概念视频

The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

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Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
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Plants obtain inorganic minerals and water from the soil, which acts as a natural medium for land plants. The composition and quality of soil depend not only on the chemical constituents but also on the presence of living organisms. In general, soils contain three major components:
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Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Microplot Design and Plant and Soil Sample Preparation for 15Nitrogen Analysis
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Microplot Design and Plant and Soil Sample Preparation for 15Nitrogen Analysis

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作为土壤类型,压缩和水分的函数的动力学.

Saurav Das1, Ankita Mohapatra1,2, Karubakee Sahu1,2

  • 1Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States of America.

PloS one
|April 4, 2024
PubMed
概括

土壤紧缩和水分显著影响 (N) 转化. 压缩增加了氨留量,减少了化,而土壤类型影响了酸盐出和氨挥发,这对于可持续的管理至关重要.

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科学领域:

  • 农业科学 农业科学
  • 土壤科学 土壤科学
  • 环境科学 环境科学

背景情况:

  • (N) 是植物生长的关键营养素,但由于各种土壤转化过程,其管理是复杂的.
  • 土壤的特性,如质地,压缩和水分含量,显著影响应用N肥料的命运.
  • 了解这些相互作用对于优化使用效率和最大限度地减少环境损失至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 研究土壤类型,压缩和湿度对关键转化过程的影响.
  • 在不同的土壤条件下量化氨 (NH3) 挥发,化,脱化和酸盐 (NO3-N) 浸出.
  • 为农业中可持续的管理策略提供见解.

主要方法:

  • 进行了为期30天的模拟柱状研究,使用泥土和沙泥土.
  • 应用了三个压缩级别 (控制级,表面级,地下级) 和两个湿度模式 (干燥,湿).
  • 应用了液体尿素酸,测量包括残留氨 (NH4-N),酸 (NO3-N),NO3-N漂水,NH3挥发和氧化 (N2O) 排放.

主要成果:

  • 压缩在较深的土壤配置中显著增加了残留的NH4-N,特别是在地下压缩和干燥条件下的泥土中.
  • 化速率随着压缩而下降,由更高的残留NH4-N.所表明.
  • 泥土土壤表现出比沙土土壤更大的NO3-N浸. 在干燥条件下的控制处理中,N2O排放量最高,而在控制条件下的潮湿沙土中,NH3挥发率更高.

结论:

  • 土壤质地,湿度和压缩是影响气动态和损失的关键因素.
  • 建议包括避免在潮湿的沙土和泥土土壤中大量应用肥,以减少NH3挥发.
  • 建议根据土壤有机物含量调整肥料含量,以减轻NO3-N浸和N2O排放,特别是在粘土土壤中.