多元化农业带来的共同环境和社会效益
Laura Vang Rasmussen1, Ingo Grass2,3, Zia Mehrabi4,5,6
1Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 4, 2024
概括
农业多样化包括畜牧,作物和土壤管理,提高社会和环境效益. 实施多种战略比单一方法带来更大的好处,强调了支持性政策的必要性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学
- 环境科学
- 生态学
- 社会学
背景情况:
- 越来越多的农业简化,特别是密集的单一栽培,威胁着地球系统的边界.
- 这种简化对可持续发展的社会和环境层面产生了负面影响.
- 多样化的农业系统对于平衡人类需求与生态完整性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化农业多样化对社会和环境结果的同时影响.
- 评估五个主要多样化策略的好处:牲畜,作物,土壤,非作物种植和水资源保护.
- 要确定组合策略是否比单个策略提供更好的结果.
主要方法:
- 在11个国家进行的24项研究的元分析.
- 包括2655个农场的数据.
- 评估五种不同的农业多样化战略.
主要成果:
- 农业多样化对社会成果产生积极影响,包括人类福利,产量和粮食安全.
- 多元化策略显著改善环境成果,如生物多样性,生态系统服务和减少外部性.
- 同时应用多种多样化策略会比单独的策略带来更大的积极成果.
结论:
- 采用多种农业多样化战略是实现协同效应的社会和环境效益的关键.
- 精心设计的政策对于激励综合采用多种农业实践至关重要.
- 转向多元化农业对于可持续发展和维护地球边界至关重要.
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