糖尿病外围神经病变:预防和治疗
Scott Bragg1, Sarah Tucker Marrison1, Sean Haley1
1Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
糖尿病外围神经病变影响一半的糖尿病患者,增加风险. 早期查,风险因素管理和仔细的药物监测是管理这种疾病和预防诸如足等并发症的关键.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 糖尿病外围神经病变 (DPN) 影响高达50%的糖尿病患者.
- DPN显著增加患糖尿病足和感染的风险.
- 持续的查和明确的沟通对于减少DPN症状评估和诊断方面的差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前对糖尿病外围神经病变的理解和管理策略.
- 突出解决DPN潜在风险因素的重要性.
- 评估各种药物和非药物治疗DPN的疗效和安全性.
主要方法:
- 对糖尿病外围神经病变研究的文献综述.
- 对药理疗法的分析,包括一线和二线药物治疗.
- 对DPN的非药物疗法和新兴治疗方法的评估.
主要成果:
- 第一线药物 (杜洛西丁, gabapentin, amitriptyline, pregabalin) 能够控制疼痛,但不能恢复感觉;长期数据有限.
- 二线选择包括各种抗抑郁药,抗药和局部药物;由于常见的不良反应,客观监测至关重要.
- 运动和神经调节等非药物疗法显示出适度的益处;其他需要进一步研究.
结论:
- 有效管理DPN需要解决血糖控制,维生素B12缺乏,高血压和肥胖.
- 药物治疗主要集中在缓解潜在副作用的疼痛,需要对患者进行仔细监测.
- 需要对针,α-酸和大麻等新型治疗方法进行进一步的研究,以确定它们在DPN管理中的作用.
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