怀孕期间的高血压疾病
Narges Farahi1, Fareedat Oluyadi2, Andrea B Dotson3
1University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
American family physician
|April 4, 2024
概括
怀孕期间的高血压疾病,包括产前,显著影响到母亲的健康. 早期服用阿司匹林可能会降低妊娠前的风险,而及时服用抗高血压药物治疗对于严重病例至关重要.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
背景情况:
- 孕期高血压疾病是美国孕产妇发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一.
- 这些疾病包括慢性高血压,孕期高血压,孕前,HELLP综合征,孕前和叠加孕前.
- 它们与母亲的长期不良心血管结果有关.
研究的目的:
- 概述当前对妊娠高血压疾病的管理策略.
- 强调对严重高血压及时干预和产后监测.
- 突出阿司匹林在高风险怀孕中的预防作用.
主要方法:
- 审查当前的临床指导方针和证据,以管理在怀孕期间高血压疾病.
- 讨论慢性高血压的治疗门,以及没有严重特征的妊娠高血压/孕前的管理.
- 强调重症高血压的迅速治疗和产后监测.
主要成果:
- 开始服用口服抗高血压药物治疗慢性高血压的140/90 mm Hg或更高.
- 管理妊娠高血压和未经严重特征的孕产前,并对37周的监测和分娩进行监测.
- 迅速的抗高血压治疗对于急性发病的严重高血压至关重要;硫酸和产前皮质类固醇对于具有严重特征的孕前症至关重要.
结论:
- 怀孕的高血压障碍需要谨慎监测,特别是产后,因为存在重大风险.
- 在怀孕12至16周之间开始服用低剂量阿司匹林,可有效降低高风险个体的孕前风险.
- 管理策略因严重程度和时间而异,重点是预防孕产妇死亡率和长期并发症.
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