在美国癌症幸存者中,功能障碍的患病率和癌症特异性模式,2017-2022年
Chao Cao1, Lin Yang2, Kathryn H Schmitz3
1Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.
概括
与非癌症成年人相比,癌症幸存者体验的流动性和自我护理障碍率更高. 这些功能限制在接受积极治疗的人,种族/族裔少数群体以及不健康的生活方式或并发症的个人中更为普遍.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 康复医学 康复医学 康复医学
背景情况:
- 癌症幸存者面临着独特的挑战,包括长期功能障碍的可能性.
- 了解癌症幸存者的患病率和残疾模式对于有效的幸存者护理和公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查在美国癌症幸存者中功能障碍的患病率,特别是流动性和自我护理限制.
- 确定癌症特异性模式和影响这些残疾的相关因素.
主要方法:
- 分析了47768名癌症幸存者和2,432,754名非癌症成年人的数据 (2017-2022年行为风险因素监测系统).
- 评估运动障碍 (难以行走/爬楼梯) 和自我照顾障碍 (难以穿衣服/洗).
- 利用多变量后勤回归来检查与社会人口统计学,生活方式和健康因素的关联.
主要成果:
- 与没有癌症的成年人相比,癌症幸存者表现出更高的流动性障碍 (27.9%对13.4%) 和自我护理障碍 (7.4%对3.8%) 的患病率.
- 经过调整的分析显示,癌症幸存者更有可能报告移动性 (OR,1.21) 和自我护理 (OR,1.19) 障碍.
- 在接受积极治疗的幸存者,种族/少数民族,高BMI,低体力活动,低教育/收入,并发症和疼痛患者中观察到更高的残疾率.
结论:
- 美国癌症幸存者的很大一部分患有流动性和自我护理障碍,因癌症类型和治疗状况而有所不同.
- 种族/民族少数群体,服务不足的群体,以及不健康的生活方式或并发症的个人受到不成比例的影响.
- 研究结果强调需要有针对性的干预措施,以预防和管理癌症幸存者的功能障碍.
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