自闭症青少年参与结构化体育活动的动机:一个系统的范围审查
Michelle L Wong1,2, Sonya Girdler1,2,3, Bahareh Afsharnejad2,4
1Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.
概括
自闭症青少年被感觉有能力和享受活动所激励. 支持他们的心理需求,特别是考虑到感官环境,是增加体育活动参与的关键.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 自闭症研究 自闭症研究
背景情况:
- 与神经类型的同龄人相比,自闭症青少年参与体育和有组织的体育活动的比例较低.
- 了解动机因素对于促进自闭症患者体育活动至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查现有的关于自闭症青少年在结构化体育活动中的激励因素和降低激励因素的文献.
- 确定影响参与的心理需求和环境因素.
主要方法:
- 电子数据库的系统文献搜索,确定了18个相关出版物.
- 数据提取和映射到自决理论.
- 与自闭症患者和利益相关者进行发现的定性讨论.
主要成果:
- 能力 (体育和社会技能) 是影响动机的最重要的心理需求.
- 内在的动机 (快乐和满足) 是主要的促进因素.
- 感官环境成为影响动机的关键自闭症特异性因素,并未被自决理论完全捕捉到.
结论:
- 支持自闭症青少年的心理需求,特别是能力和内在动机,可以增强参与体育活动.
- 环境因素,如感官考虑,是关键的,可能与神经类型需求不同.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑自闭症青年对结构化体育活动动机的看法.
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