基因参数的时间动态和SNP对经过基因组选择的家禽表现和疾病特征的影响
Jennifer Richter1, Jorge Hidalgo1, Fernando Bussiman1
1Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Journal of animal science
|April 5, 2024
概括
肉特征的遗传参数随着选择而动态变化. 基因组数据提供了更准确,最新的估计,对于有效的育种计划至关重要.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 育种科学 育种科学
背景情况:
- 准确的遗传参数对于预测动物繁殖计划中的育种价值和选择反应至关重要.
- 选择可以动态改变遗传参数,包括附加遗传变异和遗传相关性,影响繁殖效率.
- 了解这些动态变化对于优化选择策略至关重要,特别是在快速发展的种群中.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在被选择的肉种群中,残留料摄入量 (RFI),增益 (GAIN),乳腺百分比 (BP) 和股骨头亡 (FHN) 的遗传参数的动态变化.
- 为了比较基于基因组 (GEN) 和基于血统 (PED) 的方法衍生的遗传参数估计.
- 在纳入基因组信息时分析单核酸多态化 (SNP) 效应的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用大量肉表型 (RFI,GAIN,BP,FHN) 和基因型 (154,318只肉用60K SNP BeadChip) 的数据集.
- 采用贝叶斯方法,使用GIBBSF90+软件通过单,双和四特征模型估计遗传参数,并使用滑动时间间隔.
- 将GEN (具有基因型) 和PED (没有基因型) 方法进行比较,以评估基因组信息对参数估计的影响.
主要成果:
- 在GEN和PED两种方法中,随着时间的推移,遗传能力普遍下降,GEN估计低于PED.
- 特征之间的遗传相关性显示出不同的趋势 (增加和减少),这取决于特征对和估计方法.
- 在GEN方法中,SNP效应之间的相关性随着时间的推移显著下降,这表明基因架构的变化和潜在的表皮性相互作用.
结论:
- RFI,GAIN,BP和FHN的遗传参数在肉种群的选择过程中表现出动态变化.
- 基于基因组的方法与基于血统的方法相比,提供了不同的估计,强调了纳入基因组数据的重要性.
- 该研究建议使用最近的数据和基因组信息来估计经过基因组选择的人群的方差成分,以避免偏差.
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