人工甜味剂与癌症风险之间的因果关系:孟德尔的随机化研究
Haotian Pan1, Chenchen Feng2, Ziting Zhou1
1School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Food & function
|April 5, 2024
概括
人工甜味剂 (ASs) 与大多数主要癌症没有因果关系. 然而,咖啡中的AS与卵巢癌有关,而茶中的AS与口腔和肺癌有关.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 遗传流行病学遗传流行病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 人工甜味剂 (AS) 是食品和饮料中常见的低热量糖替代品.
- 在AS消费和癌症风险之间的因果关系仍然不清楚.
- 门德尔随机化 (MR) 提供了一种方法来研究使用遗传变异的潜在因果关系.
研究的目的:
- 调查人工甜味剂 (AS) 消费与各种癌症风险之间的潜在因果关系.
- 为了利用双样本的门德尔随机化 (MR) 方法进行强大的因果推理.
主要方法:
- 利用两个样本的孟德尔随机化 (MR) 与来自AS消费的大型全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 的遗传变异 (SNP) (N=64,949名欧洲人).
- 分析了来自98个GWAS数据集的癌症结果,包括肺癌,结肠直肠癌,胃癌和乳腺癌.
- 采用反变量加权 (IVW) 作为主要方法,得到MR Egger,加权中位数和其他灵敏度分析的支持,以评估异质性和多变性.
主要成果:
- 添加到咖啡中的人工甜味剂 (AS) 与高等级和低等级的血清性卵巢癌有积极的关联.
- 茶中的AS与口腔和喉癌有积极的关联,但与肺癌有负面的关联.
- 总体AS消费与其他主要癌症类型之间没有发现显著的遗传因果关联.
结论:
- 人工甜味剂 (AS) 消费似乎与大多数主要癌症没有遗传因果关系.
- 在咖啡 (卵巢癌) 和茶 (口腔癌,肺癌) 中观察到AS的特定关联.
- 建议进行进一步的大规模MR研究或随机对照试验 (RCT),以确认发现并调查潜在的小效应大小.
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