医疗补助第1115条的演示以解决营养问题的演变和范围:美国调查调查
Erika Hanson1, Daniel Albert-Rozenberg1, Kathryn M Garfield1
1Center for Health Law and Policy Innovation, Harvard Law School.
Health affairs scholar
|April 5, 2024
概括
国家医疗补助豁免越来越多地用于营养计划,以打击健康状况不佳和粮食不安全. 自2021年以来,各州正在迅速扩大这些计划,以覆盖更多的人和服务.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 营养不良和粮食不安全严重导致美国的慢性病和健康不平等.
- 国家医疗补助计划第1115条示范豁免是试点基于食品的健康干预措施的关键政策机制.
- 国家利用这些营养豁免的范围和性质尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 系统地分析与营养有关的州医疗补助第1115条豁免申请和批准.
- 定义通过这些豁免实施或提出的基于食品的倡议的范围和类型.
- 确定利用医疗补助豁免来解决营养和粮食不安全问题的趋势.
主要方法:
- 进行了对州医疗补助第1115条豁免申请和批准的系统分析.
- 数据来源于Medicaid.gov,涵盖到2023年7月1日的提交和批准.
- 针对营养,食品不安全查,营养教育和健康食品供应的豁免被确定并分类.
主要成果:
- 19个已批准和正在审理的第1115条豁免涉及营养,其中11个自2021年以来开始.
- 15个州提出或提供粮食不安全查和转诊;13个州提供营养教育;10个州提供直接健康食品干预.
- 目标人群包括患有慢性疾病,精神健康/物质使用障碍以及孕妇/产后患者.
结论:
- 州利用医疗补助第1115条豁免的营养计划自2021年以来在速度,范围和人口覆盖率方面大幅加快.
- 这些豁免正在成为解决饮食相关健康问题的关键工具,并促进健康公平.
- 调查结果强调了医疗补助政策在解决与营养有关的差异方面日益重要的重要性.
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