在自闭症中对个人空间的纵向研究
Kosuke Asada1, Hironori Akechi2, Yukiko Kikuchi3
1Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Sociology, Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
概括
自闭症个体在整个青春期保持较短的个人空间,而不是典型的发展同龄人在整个青春期. 在这个关键的发育时期,这种更接近人际距离的偏好保持稳定.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 在自闭症患者中,个人空间调节往往是不典型的.
- 了解个人空间的发展变化是解决自闭症社会互动挑战的关键.
- 青春期呈现复杂的社会动态,使其成为研究个人空间发展的关键时期.
研究的目的:
- 纵向检查青春期自闭症和典型发育 (TD) 个体中人际距离的发展轨迹.
- 为了在三年内比较自闭症和TD个体之间的偏好人际距离.
- 调查青春期自闭症患者个人空间偏好的稳定性.
主要方法:
- 一项为期三年的纵向研究,涉及自闭症和TD参与者,在基线时年龄为12-18岁.
- 测量喜欢的人际距离作为一个实验者接近参与者.
- 通过在接近过程中包括或排除眼神接触来改变实验条件.
主要成果:
- 与TD个体相比,自闭症个体在两个时间点都始终保持较短的人际距离.
- 在整个研究期间,在自闭症个体的人际距离中观察到显著的相关性.
- 在TD个体中没有发现这种相关性,这表明个人空间偏好的稳定性不同.
结论:
- 自闭症个体的人际关系距离在整个青春期都是稳定的.
- 自闭症患者喜欢较短的人际距离是一种持续的特征,从青春期早期到晚期保持.
- 结果突出了自闭症患者在关键的社会发展阶段个人空间调节的稳定差异.
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