急性肝衰竭中的急性损伤:叙述性综述
Brij Sharma1, Anshul Bhateja1, Rajesh Sharma1
1Department of Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, 171 001, India.
概括
急性损伤 (AKI) 经常使急性肝衰竭 (ALF) 复杂化,使患者的结果恶化. 本综述探讨了ALF中的AKI,包括其影响,原因以及替代疗法和肝移植的作用.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
背景情况:
- 急性肝衰竭 (ALF) 是一种罕见的,严重的疾病,死亡率高.
- 急性损伤 (AKI) 是ALF的常见并发症,严重恶化其预后.
- 关于AKI对ALF结果的具体影响的文献有限,特别是在移植方面.
研究的目的:
- 审查ALF中AKI的定义和分类.
- 阐明AKI在ALF患者中的影响和病理生理学.
- 讨论连续置换疗法 (CRRT) 和肝移植 (LT) 在ALF中管理AKI中的作用.
主要方法:
- 文献综述专注于ALF中的AKI.
- 分析导致ALF中AKI的病因因素.
- 检查当前的指导方针和治疗策略.
主要成果:
- 在ALF中的AKI源于多因素原因,包括血液动力学不稳定性,炎症,败血症和毒性.
- 在ALF相关的AKI中,置换疗法 (RRT) 指示可能与标准标准不同.
- 持续置换疗法 (CRRT) 可能改善无移植生存率或作为通往肝移植 (LT) 的桥梁.
结论:
- AKI显著影响ALF的预后,需要专门的管理.
- 肝移植 (LT) 仍然是ALF患者与AKI的可行的选择,尽管潜在的生存率较低.
- 了解AKI病理生理学和优化RRT和LT对于改善ALF患者的治疗结果至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:27Dialysis
307
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
307
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
88
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
88
01:10Nephrons
2.4K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
2.4K
01:20Renal Corpuscle
2.0K
The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
2.0K
01:45Kidney Structure
69.6K
The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
69.6K
01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
91
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
91