达芬尼亚鸟在环境中使用其昼夜时钟进行短时识别,以确定性别
Shione Abe1, Yugo Takahata1, Hitoshi Miyakawa1
1Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan.
Current biology : CB
|April 5, 2024
概括
达芬尼亚的环境性别确定 (ESD) 依赖于昼夜时钟来感知一天的长度,信号青春激素 (JH) 产生雄性. 这项研究阐明了环境线索如何影响甲类动物后代的性别.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 环境性决定 (ESD) 允许生物根据环境线索调整后代的性别,优化生殖成功.
- 生物体感知并将环境信号转化为性别决定的精确机制在很大程度上是未知的.
- 甲类甲类动物Daphnia pulex表现出季节性光周期性ESD,在长日下产生雌性,在短日下产生雄性.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Daphnia pulex.季节性ESD背后的环境感知机制.
- 阐明昼夜时钟和内分泌因素在光周期性性别决定中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用繁殖实验来研究大夫尼 (Daphnia pulex) 的性别决定.
- 通过使用基因组编辑敲除"周期"钟基因,创建了转基因达夫尼亚.
- 在各种光周期和荷尔蒙治疗下观察了基因淘汰对二极管垂直迁移 (DVM) 和性别确定的影响.
主要成果:
- "月经"基因的破坏影响了DVM,导致不论白天长度如何都会产生雌性.
- 暴露于青春激素 (JH) 模拟物或不利条件 (高密度,低食物) 诱导了淘汰达芬的雄性生产,无论白天的长度如何.
- 昼夜时钟似乎对于感知短日子至关重要,它启动了一条信号通路,涉及JH的男性生产.
结论:
- 循环时钟介导的短日感知是达夫尼确定性别的初步步骤.
- 这种感知通过向内分泌系统发出信号,特别是通过青春激素 (JH) 途径,触发男性生产.
- 昼夜时钟功能和内分泌信号的整合是达芬尼亚的ESD演变的关键.
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