大麻使用障碍与其他物质使用特征之间共享的遗传影响和因果路径
Marco Galimberti1,2, Daniel F Levey1,2, Joseph D Deak1,2
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Molecular psychiatry
|April 5, 2024
概括
大麻使用障碍 (CanUD) 显著增加了其他物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的风险,包括阿片类药物使用障碍和有问题的酒精使用. 合法化可能会加剧这些风险,突出了除了CanUD的直接医疗危害之外的公共卫生问题.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 大麻使用障碍 (CanUD) 的患病率正随着大麻的可获得性增加而上升.
- CanUD和其他物质使用障碍 (SUDs) 具有共同的表型和遗传联系.
- 了解CanUD的遗传结构对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究CanUD的遗传结构及其与终身大麻使用和其他SUD的因果关系.
- 为了区分CanUD的遗传基础与一般大麻使用.
- 评估CanUD,大麻使用和各种物质使用特征之间的双向因果关系.
主要方法:
- 为了CanUD.利用大规模的基因组学数据.
- 采用了遗传相关性,基因组结构方程建模 (genomicSEM) 和门德尔随机化 (MR).
- 分析了与阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD),问题性酒精使用 (PAU),尼古丁依赖 (FTND) 和吸烟行为的关系.
主要成果:
- CanUD因果关系地影响了OUD,PAU,每周饮料,FTND,每天香烟,吸烟状态和吸烟的开始.
- 观察到双向关系:OUD,PAU,吸烟开始/戒烟,以及DPW增加了CanUD风险.
- 大麻使用也显示出与PAU,吸烟开始和DPW的双向联系,并增加了OUD风险.
- 基因组SEM证实了CanUD和一般大麻使用的独特遗传因素.
结论:
- CanUD是发展其他SUD的重要风险因素,独立于一般大麻使用.
- 合法化趋势可能会导致同时出现的物质使用问题的患病率增加.
- 调查结果强调了CanUD对公共卫生的影响,需要有针对性的干预措施.
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